Sci & Tech

AI & Governance : Some Thoughts

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of Computer Science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. The machines copy cognitive functions such as learning, communication and problem solving.  There are two types of AI: Generative AI and Predictive AI. The definitions are: a) Generative AI :Uses data to create new content, such as text, images, music, audio, and videos. Generative AI is often used for brainstorming, idea generation, and content creation; Examples are ChatGPT & Gemini and b)  Predictive AI: Uses data to forecast or predict future events and outcomes. Predictive AI is often used to identify patterns, anticipate behaviours, and make decisions. Examples are Azure ML and H2o.ai.

 

Government of India wants India to fully benefit from the growing demand for newer computational resources along with digital sovereignty, sovereignty in the sense of independent decision-making not constrained by foreign platforms. The IndiaAI Mission was launched by the Government of India on March 7, 2024, with a budget of over ₹10,000 crore. The mission’s goal is to make India a global leader in AI and to make the benefits of AI available to all levels of society. The mission’s “Safe & Trusted AI” pillar emphasizes the need for a balanced, India-specific approach to AI governance. We believe that the following should govern the Indian AI Policy, whenever it is structured and certify AI software based on : (a) concrete evidence that the software has benefitted people. (b) it has not benefitted a section of people by harming others. Examples- 1) Withdrawal of the faulty customer support chatbot by Air Canada showed much late internalisation of the costs of the chatbot that could continue to spread  misinformation 2) Predictive AI in Healthcare enhances diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, disease prevention, and personalised care leading to better patient services and healthcare efficiency. But malfunctioning of AI here can do lot of damage , leading to loss of life also . (c) check monopolistic tendencies of AI software through use of digital public infrastructure as a market correcting measure and in some cases not allowing public data with AI players without proper implementation of restrictive measures.  The management of UPI by India is a global success story of prevention of monopoly in software.  (d) be a creator  software to solve real life problems such as spread of public education and not be a follower of  structured AI software by foreign entities.

 

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